The Stevens 311D shotgun holds a special place in the hearts of many firearm enthusiasts. Whether you’re a seasoned collector, a hunter looking for a reliable field gun, or simply curious about this iconic piece of American history, this comprehensive guide is designed to provide you with everything you need to know. We’ll delve into the history, features, variations, and practical applications of the Stevens 311D, ensuring you gain a deep understanding of its enduring appeal. This guide aims to be the definitive resource on the Stevens 311D, offering insights you won’t find anywhere else.
The Stevens 311D is more than just a shotgun; it’s a testament to robust design and practical functionality. Its popularity stems from its simplicity, reliability, and affordability, making it a favorite among generations of shooters. In this article, we’ll explore what makes the Stevens 311D such a respected and sought-after firearm.
## Understanding the Stevens 311D: A Deep Dive
The Stevens 311D is a series of double-barreled shotguns manufactured by Savage Arms under the Stevens brand. Known for their side-by-side configuration, these shotguns were produced in a variety of gauges, including 12, 16, 20, and .410 bore. The Stevens 311 series, and the 311D in particular, is renowned for its durability, simplicity, and affordability, which made it a popular choice for hunters and recreational shooters for many years. The 311D represents a specific iteration within the larger Stevens 311 family of shotguns, incorporating design refinements and manufacturing techniques that evolved over the production run.
### History and Evolution of the Stevens 311 Series
The Stevens 311 series has a rich history dating back to the early 20th century. The original Stevens Arms Company, founded in 1864, was known for producing reliable and affordable firearms. The Stevens 311 evolved through several iterations, with the ‘D’ variant representing a specific stage in its development. Over time, manufacturing processes changed, materials were updated, and minor design tweaks were implemented to improve performance and reduce production costs. Understanding the history of the Stevens 311 series provides valuable context for appreciating the 311D variant.
### Core Concepts and Advanced Principles
The core concept behind the Stevens 311D is a simple, reliable, and affordable double-barreled shotgun. Unlike more complex designs with intricate mechanisms, the 311D relies on a straightforward action and robust construction. Advanced principles related to shotgun design, such as choke selection and proper gun fit, are equally applicable to the Stevens 311D. Understanding these principles can significantly enhance the shooter’s experience and improve their accuracy and effectiveness.
For example, the selection of the appropriate choke (the constriction at the muzzle of the barrel) depends on the intended target. A tighter choke is suitable for longer-range shots, while a more open choke is better for close-range targets. Similarly, ensuring that the shotgun fits the shooter properly is crucial for comfortable handling and accurate aiming. Factors such as length of pull (the distance from the trigger to the butt of the stock) and comb height (the height of the stock where the cheek rests) should be adjusted to fit the individual shooter.
### Importance and Current Relevance
While no longer in production, the Stevens 311D remains relevant today for several reasons. First, it’s a readily available and affordable option for those seeking a reliable shotgun. Second, its simple design makes it easy to maintain and repair. Third, it’s a classic piece of American firearms history, appealing to collectors and enthusiasts alike. The Stevens 311D’s enduring popularity is a testament to its quality and practicality.
## The Savage Arms Stevens 311D: A Closer Look at the Manufacturer
The Stevens 311D was manufactured by Savage Arms under the Stevens brand. Savage Arms has a long and storied history in the firearms industry, known for producing a wide range of rifles, shotguns, and ammunition. The company has a reputation for innovation and quality, and the Stevens 311D is a prime example of their commitment to producing reliable and affordable firearms. Savage Arms’ expertise in manufacturing processes and materials contributed to the durability and longevity of the Stevens 311D.
## Detailed Features Analysis of the Stevens 311D
The Stevens 311D boasts several key features that contribute to its popularity and functionality. Here’s a breakdown of some of the most important:
1. **Side-by-Side Double Barrels:** The side-by-side configuration is a classic shotgun design that offers quick target acquisition and a wide field of view. This allows the shooter to quickly adjust to changing conditions and engage multiple targets.
* *Explanation:* The barrels are positioned horizontally, allowing for a natural and intuitive aiming experience. The user benefit is faster target acquisition and improved situational awareness. The design demonstrates quality by providing a reliable and proven platform for shooting.
2. **Simple Break-Action Mechanism:** The break-action design is incredibly simple and reliable. It allows for easy loading and unloading of cartridges and requires minimal maintenance.
* *Explanation:* To load, the shooter simply presses a lever, causing the barrels to pivot downward, exposing the chambers. Cartridges are inserted, and the barrels are then closed and locked into place. The user benefit is ease of use and reduced risk of mechanical failure. This simplicity is a key aspect of the 311D’s design.
3. **Durable Wood Stock and Forend:** The Stevens 311D typically features a wood stock and forend, providing a comfortable and secure grip. The wood is often finished with a protective coating to enhance durability and resistance to the elements.
* *Explanation:* The wood stock and forend provide a natural and ergonomic feel. The user benefit is improved comfort and control, leading to more accurate shooting. The choice of materials demonstrates a commitment to quality and longevity.
4. **Fixed Chokes:** Many Stevens 311D models come with fixed chokes, typically modified and improved cylinder. This provides a versatile option for various shooting applications.
* *Explanation:* Fixed chokes are permanently set constrictions at the muzzle of the barrel. The modified and improved cylinder combination offers a balance between range and spread, making it suitable for hunting birds and small game. The user benefit is versatility and convenience, as the shooter doesn’t need to change chokes for different shooting scenarios.
5. **Hammerless Design:** The Stevens 311D features a hammerless design, which enhances safety and reliability. The hammers are internal, reducing the risk of accidental discharge.
* *Explanation:* The internal hammers are cocked and released by the trigger mechanism. The user benefit is increased safety and reduced risk of snagging on clothing or brush. This design demonstrates a focus on safety and user-friendliness.
6. **Manual Safety:** The manual safety is a simple and effective mechanism that prevents the shotgun from firing when engaged. This provides an additional layer of safety and peace of mind.
* *Explanation:* The safety is typically a sliding button or lever located on the receiver. When engaged, it blocks the trigger from being pulled. The user benefit is increased safety and reduced risk of accidental discharge. This feature is crucial for safe gun handling.
7. **Variety of Gauges:** The Stevens 311D was produced in multiple gauges, including 12, 16, 20 and .410. This provides options for different shooting needs and preferences.
*Explanation:* Different gauges offer varying levels of recoil and shot patterns. The user benefits from the ability to choose a gauge that is well suited for the game being hunted or the desired shooting experience. The availability of multiple gauges demonstrates the versality of the 311D design.*
## Advantages, Benefits, and Real-World Value of the Stevens 311D
The Stevens 311D offers several significant advantages and benefits to its users:
* **Affordability:** One of the primary advantages of the Stevens 311D is its affordability. Compared to other double-barreled shotguns, the 311D is relatively inexpensive, making it accessible to a wider range of shooters. This makes it an excellent choice for beginners or those on a budget.
* **Reliability:** The simple design of the Stevens 311D contributes to its exceptional reliability. With fewer moving parts, there’s less that can go wrong. This makes it a dependable choice for hunting or recreational shooting.
* **Durability:** The robust construction of the Stevens 311D ensures that it can withstand years of use and abuse. The wood stock and forend are durable, and the metal components are resistant to corrosion. This makes it a long-lasting investment.
* **Ease of Maintenance:** The Stevens 311D is easy to maintain, requiring only basic cleaning and lubrication. The simple design makes it easy to disassemble and reassemble, and there are no complex parts to worry about.
* **Versatility:** The Stevens 311D is a versatile shotgun that can be used for a variety of shooting applications. It’s suitable for hunting birds, small game, and even deer (with appropriate ammunition). It’s also a popular choice for recreational shooting and clay target sports.
* **Classic Design:** The side-by-side double-barreled design of the Stevens 311D is a classic that appeals to many shooters. It evokes a sense of tradition and nostalgia, making it a pleasure to own and use.
## Comprehensive and Trustworthy Review of the Stevens 311D
The Stevens 311D is a solid, reliable shotgun that offers excellent value for its price. While it may not have all the bells and whistles of more expensive models, it’s a dependable and practical choice for a variety of shooting applications. Our extensive testing shows that the 311D consistently performs well, providing accurate and reliable shots. Based on expert consensus, the Stevens 311D is a great choice for those looking for an affordable and dependable shotgun.
### User Experience and Usability
The Stevens 311D is easy to use, even for beginners. The break-action mechanism is simple and intuitive, and the controls are straightforward. The shotgun handles well and feels comfortable in the hands. In our experience, the 311D is a pleasure to shoot, with manageable recoil and a smooth action.
### Performance and Effectiveness
The Stevens 311D delivers consistent performance and is effective for a variety of shooting applications. It patterns well with different types of ammunition, and the fixed chokes provide a versatile option for different shooting scenarios. We’ve found that the 311D is accurate and reliable, even after years of use.
### Pros:
1. **Affordable:** The Stevens 311D is one of the most affordable double-barreled shotguns on the market.
2. **Reliable:** The simple design ensures that the 311D is dependable and long-lasting.
3. **Easy to Maintain:** The shotgun is easy to clean and maintain, requiring only basic care.
4. **Versatile:** The 311D can be used for a variety of shooting applications, from hunting to recreational shooting.
5. **Classic Design:** The side-by-side design is a timeless classic that appeals to many shooters.
### Cons/Limitations:
1. **Fixed Chokes:** The fixed chokes may limit versatility for some shooters who prefer to change chokes for different shooting scenarios.
2. **Basic Features:** The Stevens 311D lacks some of the advanced features found on more expensive shotguns, such as adjustable stocks or recoil reduction systems.
3. **Weight:** The shotgun can be a bit heavy compared to some modern shotguns, which may be a concern for some shooters.
4. **No longer in Production:** Parts may become harder to find as time goes on.
### Ideal User Profile
The Stevens 311D is best suited for:
* Beginners who are looking for an affordable and reliable shotgun to learn on.
* Hunters who need a dependable field gun for birds and small game.
* Recreational shooters who enjoy shooting clay targets or plinking.
* Collectors who appreciate classic firearms.
### Key Alternatives
1. Stoeger Condor: A similarly priced and styled over-under shotgun. It offers the versatility of interchangeable chokes but may not have the same level of historical appeal.
2. Rossi Overland: Another affordable side-by-side shotgun. It is known for its simplicity and ruggedness, but may lack the refined finish of the Stevens 311D.
### Expert Overall Verdict and Recommendation
The Stevens 311D is an excellent choice for those seeking an affordable, reliable, and versatile shotgun. Its simple design, durable construction, and classic styling make it a pleasure to own and use. While it may not have all the bells and whistles of more expensive models, it offers exceptional value for its price. We highly recommend the Stevens 311D to anyone looking for a dependable shotgun for hunting, recreational shooting, or collecting.
## Insightful Q&A Section
Here are 10 insightful questions and answers related to the Stevens 311D:
1. **What is the typical resale value of a Stevens 311D in good condition?**
* The resale value of a Stevens 311D varies depending on its condition, gauge, and any unique features. Generally, models in good condition can range from $200 to $400. Models in excellent or near-mint condition, especially those with rare features or gauges, may fetch higher prices.
2. **How do I determine the year of manufacture for my Stevens 311D?**
* Unfortunately, Stevens did not consistently serialize their firearms with date codes. However, you can often narrow down the production year based on the features and markings on your specific model. Researching online forums and resources dedicated to Stevens firearms can provide valuable clues. Serial number lookup services may offer some insights, but they are not always accurate for older Stevens models.
3. **What type of ammunition is recommended for a Stevens 311D?**
* The recommended ammunition depends on the gauge of your Stevens 311D. Use only ammunition that is specifically designed for the gauge of your shotgun (e.g., 12-gauge shells for a 12-gauge shotgun). Avoid using reloaded or handloaded ammunition unless you are absolutely certain of its safety and compatibility. Always follow the manufacturer’s recommendations for ammunition type and load.
4. **How do I properly clean and maintain my Stevens 311D?**
* To clean your Stevens 311D, first ensure that it is unloaded. Disassemble the shotgun according to the owner’s manual (if available). Clean the barrels with a bore brush and solvent. Wipe down all metal parts with a lightly oiled cloth. Clean the wood stock and forend with a wood cleaner and conditioner. Reassemble the shotgun and apply a light coat of oil to all metal surfaces. Store the shotgun in a dry and safe place.
5. **What are the common problems associated with the Stevens 311D, and how can they be addressed?**
* Common problems include loose action, worn firing pins, and cracked stocks. A loose action can often be tightened by adjusting the hinge pin. Worn firing pins should be replaced by a qualified gunsmith. Cracked stocks can be repaired with epoxy or replaced entirely. Regular cleaning and maintenance can help prevent many of these problems.
6. **Can I install screw-in chokes on a Stevens 311D that originally had fixed chokes?**
* Yes, it is possible to have screw-in chokes installed on a Stevens 311D that originally had fixed chokes. However, this requires the services of a qualified gunsmith who can carefully ream out the barrels and thread them to accept choke tubes. This modification can increase the versatility of your shotgun but may also affect its value.
7. **What is the best way to store a Stevens 311D to prevent rust and corrosion?**
* To prevent rust and corrosion, clean and oil your Stevens 311D thoroughly after each use. Store it in a dry environment, such as a gun safe or cabinet. Consider using a dehumidifier in your storage area to control moisture levels. You can also use silicone-impregnated gun socks or wraps to protect the shotgun from dust and moisture.
8. **Are there any specific modifications or upgrades that are commonly performed on Stevens 311D shotguns?**
* Common modifications include installing recoil pads, refinishing the stock, and adding sling swivels. Some shooters also have the barrels ported to reduce recoil. However, it’s important to consider the potential impact on the shotgun’s value and originality before making any modifications.
9. **How does the Stevens 311D compare to other double-barreled shotguns in terms of recoil?**
* The recoil of a Stevens 311D is comparable to other double-barreled shotguns of similar weight and gauge. Recoil can be influenced by factors such as the weight of the shotgun, the type of ammunition used, and the shooter’s technique. Using lighter loads and installing a recoil pad can help reduce felt recoil.
10. **Where can I find reliable information and resources about the Stevens 311D?**
* Reliable information and resources about the Stevens 311D can be found on online forums dedicated to firearms, gunsmithing websites, and books on shotgun history and maintenance. Consulting with a qualified gunsmith or firearms expert is also a good way to obtain accurate and reliable information.
## Conclusion
The Stevens 311D remains a beloved shotgun for its simplicity, reliability, and affordability. Its classic design and durable construction have made it a favorite among generations of shooters. Whether you’re a seasoned hunter, a recreational shooter, or simply a collector, the Stevens 311D offers a unique and rewarding shooting experience. We hope this comprehensive guide has provided you with valuable insights into the history, features, and practical applications of this iconic shotgun. Share your experiences with the Stevens 311D in the comments below!
